Year % of male labor force (modeled ILO estimate) 1991 3.8121906987081795 1992 3.889595048357091 1993 3.987319500394768 1994 4.002660521401912 1995 3.9465371451027282 1996 3.9903376391775867 1997 3.9890637502463075 1998 4.063122683147222 1999 4.139055987540894 2000 4.157254041109208 2001 4.1640872661291635 2002 4.139303817473655 2003 4.100663726469583 2004 3.947680235272502 2005 3.7998058420673675 2006 3.6193508689843727 2007 3.6156358724694986 2008 3.7181493965378376 2009 3.7573979389314447 2010 3.682786399948729 2011 3.708787162349829 2012 4.149197726543898 2013 3.9440130390509345 2014 3.8184295868304767 2015 4.08655049550054 2016 4.0263508860476644 2017 4.28032400569756 2018 4.377814293361257 2019 4.462707749523437 2020 5.185647810063609 2021 5.076843767333433 2022 4.4492269590336075 2023 4.424171628871024