Year % of male labor force with advanced education 1998 4.197 1999 5.302 2000 7.891 2001 2.684 2002 3.301 2003 4.178 2004 2.751 2005 2.9 2006 3.118 2007 2.781 2008 2.154 2009 1.721 2010 2.295 2011 1.95 2012 1.955 2013 1.93 2014 1.85 2015 1.785 2016 2.34 2017 2.755 2018 2.931 2019 2.987 2022 1.665 2023 1.509