Year % of male labor force with advanced education 1995 3.35 1996 4.79 1997 3.33 1998 3.21 1999 1.86 2000 1.33 2001 2.7 2002 3.202 2003 3.695 2004 4.015 2005 3.845 2006 3.582 2007 3.898 2008 3.57 2009 5.083 2010 5.502 2011 4.995 2012 4.827 2013 4.947 2014 5.35 2015 4.758 2016 4.98 2017 4.16 2018 3.931 2019 4.32 2020 4.974 2021 4.71 2022 4.114 2023 3.52