Year % of total labor force (national estimate) 1970 4.8 1971 6 1972 6.6 1973 5.6 1974 3.4 1975 2.3 1976 4.5 1977 2.8 1978 2.8 1979 2 1980 2.3 1981 4.5 1982 4.73 1983 4.17 1984 3.54 1985 5.3 1986 4.4 1987 5.3 1988 6 1989 7.3 1990 7.06 1991 5.44 1992 6.36 1993 10.1 1994 11.76 1995 18.8 1996 17.11 1997 14.82 1998 12.65 1999 14.05 2000 15 2001 17.32 2002 19.59 2003 15.36 2004 13.522 2005 11.506 2006 10.078 2007 8.47 2008 7.837 2009 8.645 2010 7.714 2011 7.18 2012 7.217 2013 7.1 2014 7.268 2017 8.347 2018 9.221 2019 9.843 2020 11.461 2021 8.736 2022 6.805 2023 6.139