Year % of total labor force (national estimate) 1969 2.8 1970 2.4 1971 1.5 1972 1.3 1973 1.2 1974 1.3 1975 2 1976 2 1977 1.8 1978 2.1 1979 2 1980 1.9 1981 2.06 1982 3.35 1983 4.11 1984 3.8 1985 3.6 1986 3.12 1987 3.79 1988 3.55 1989 3.14 1990 3.25 1991 3.42 1992 3.59 1993 4.25 1994 3.535 1995 4.353 1996 5.291 1997 5.157 1998 5.493 1999 4.707 2000 4.694 2001 4.012 2002 4.86 2003 4.785 2004 5.969 2005 5.682 2006 5.32 2007 4.909 2008 4.198 2009 5.371 2010 4.883 2011 4.637 2012 4.909 2013 5.367 2014 5.674 2015 5.802 2016 6.064 2017 5.561 2018 4.933 2019 4.56 2020 5.201 2021 6.459 2022 4.992 2023 5.264