Year % of male labor force (national estimate) 1971 1.9 1972 2.3 1973 2.2 1974 2.2 1975 3.7 1976 4.3 1977 3.08 1978 5 1979 3.86 1980 5.5 1981 7.54 1982 9.5 1983 8.078 1984 8.025 1985 7.352 1986 7.141 1987 7.286 1988 6.942 1989 5.3 1990 4.555 1991 4.547 1992 4.792 1993 6.161 1994 7.695 1995 7.311 1996 7.406 1997 7.089 1998 7.582 1999 7.472 2000 5.306 2001 5.629 2002 6.243 2003 7.441 2004 6.649 2005 7.597 2006 7.396 2007 6.663 2008 6.468 2009 7.745 2010 8.107 2011 7.106 2012 7.652 2013 8.64 2014 9.02 2015 9.094 2016 8.06 2017 7.123 2018 6.272 2019 5.735 2020 5.714 2021 6.609 2022 5.848 2023 5.95