Year Percent of total labor force 1980 4.9 1981 3.8 1982 3.2 1983 2.3 1984 1.9 1985 1.8 1986 2 1987 2 1988 2 1989 2.6 1990 2.5 1991 2.3 1992 2.3 1993 2.6 1994 2.8 1995 2.9 1996 3 1997 3.1 1998 3.1 1999 3.1 2000 3.1 2001 3.6 2002 4 2003 4.3 2004 4.2 2005 4.2 2006 4.1 2007 4 2008 4.2 2009 4.3 2010 4.14 2011 4.09 2012 4.09 2013 4.05 2014 4.09 2015 4.05 2016 4.02 2017 3.9 2018 3.8 2019 3.8 2020 3.8 2021 3.8 2022 3.8 2023 3.8 2024 3.8