Year % of male labor force with advanced education 1998 7.497 1999 7.556 2000 7.054 2001 6.381 2002 6.404 2003 6.816 2004 4.779 2005 4.883 2006 3.698 2007 3.599 2008 3.57 2009 8.464 2010 11.678 2011 8.488 2012 7.408 2013 5.469 2014 4.994 2015 4.145 2016 4.682 2017 5.008 2018 4.176 2019 5.095 2020 3.809 2021 5.584 2022 4.62 2023 3.248